Composition :

Each ml contains
Eprinomectin 7 mg
Ivermectin 7 mg
Levamisol phosphate 223 mg

Properties:

Eprinomectin binds selectively to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels which occur in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells. This leads to an increase in cell membrane permeability to chloride ions leading to paralysis and death of the parasite. Like ivermectin, eprinomectin also enhances the release of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) at presynaptic neurons. GABA acts as
an inhibitory neurotransmitter and blocks the post-synaptic stimulation of the adjacent neuron in nematodes or the muscle fiber in arthropods. These compounds are generally not toxic to mammals as they do not have glutamate-gated chloride channels and these compounds do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.

Ivermectin enhances the release of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) at presynaptic neurons. GABA acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and blocks the post-synaptic stimulation of the adjacent neuron in nematodes or the muscle fiber in arthropods. By stimulating the release of GABA, ivermectin causes paralysis of the parasite and eventual death. As liver flukes and tapeworms do not use GABA as a peripheral nerve transmitter, ivermectin is ineffective against these parasites.

Levamisole stimulates the parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia in susceptible worms. At higher levels, levamisole interferes with nematode carbohydrate metabolism by blocking fumarate reduction and succinate oxidation. The net effect is a paralyzing effect on the worm which is then expelled alive. Levamisole’s effects are considered to be nicotine-like in action. Levamisole’s mechanism of action for its immune stimulating effects are not well understood. It is believed it restores cell-mediated immune function in peripheral T-lymphocytes and stimulates phagocytosis by monocytes. Its immune stimulating effects appear to be more pronounced in animals that are immune-compromised.